Maya cities usually had a dramatic stepped pyramid topped by a temple sanctuary at their centre. Close by were the palaces of the royal court, which functioned as the centre of government and provided luxury accommodation. As well as lesser residences, temples and plazas, ball courts have been identified. These consisted of two parallel walls between which a ritual game using a rubber ball was played.

The Maya produced impressive artworks, including multicoloured ceramic vases and carved stone monuments portraying their rulers. The British Museum holds a number of carved lintels from Yaxchilan in modern south Mexico. They are considered to be among the masterpieces of Mayan art and record the rulers of the city.